Jar



. April A'2, 1935.

JAR

Filed Jan. 6, 1954 u I R 0 4l. z s 2 n m III. .|I

m Illu" i s J HEIi 2.7.9 v ,A i v. l! y// S.A.E1wn

BY Q .mm1

v ATTORNEY Patented Apr. 2, 1935 UNITED STATES fJAR n v Shannonl A. Erwin, Brea, Calif., assignor, by

mesne assignments,y tov Scientific Engineering o Company, a corporation of California Application January 6, i934, serial No. 705,560

45 claims. (el. 255g-27) jar to be imparted to the stuck tool, which aids vin'breaking thev same loose.

The principal `object oi myinvention is to 'provide' altool oi this character in which the jarring action is had by the sudden and automatic release of liquid-pressure in the tool, such release being occasioned by the resistance to dislodgement ofthe stuck drill. Such pressure and the means to utilize the same .therefore form the essential features of this invention, and since the amount of pressure on the remote tool can be easily variedv and as easily gauged at the surface, the operator mayihave accurate knowledge fof operatmg Vconditions within the tool.

, A further object of the invention is to produce a simple and inexpensive device and yet one which will be exceedingly effective for the purpose for which itis designed. Y These objects I accomplish by` means of such structure and relative arrangement of parts as will fully appear by a perusal of the following specification and claims. i f

In the drawing similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several views: Figure l is a side View mainly in section of my improved jar showingthe parts positioned at the start, or when the hydraulic pressure is initially applied. l Y

Figure 2 is a similar view showing the impact unit under pressure and in the position occupied when it has slipped upwardly; somewhat by the upward pull on the tool when engagedwith a stuck drill. e

Figure 3 is a similar View showing the position Vof the impact unit after the liquid pressure has ybeen released and the jarring'impact has 'been made. l

Referring now more particularly to the characters of reference on the drawing', the body ofthe tool is of hollow cylindrical form and for convenience of assembly comprises upper and lower sections 'l and 2, removably but rigidly connected r together at their adjacent ends. Slidably. .but 0 non-turnably mounted in a bearing 3 formed at Athe upper end of the section I is the spindle Il of the impact unit which at'its upper end above the body is connected to a coupling head 5 which is preferably the same diameter as the body. This head in turn is connected to the 'adjacent sec tion 6 of the` string of conventional drill pipe. This pipe extends to the top ofthe well as usual, and is there connected as. is.r customary to'`the torque bar or Kelly bar as itis commonly called, and to which connection is vmade with asuitable 5 source of water pressure. v The string of/pipe communicates with ayertical passage 9 which extends through the head 5 as well asthrough the spindle 4 to the lower endf of the same. The spindle intermediate its ends 10 Vcarries an `enlarged iiange I G which has a running iit in the main bore Il of the upper body section i, andwhich of course is relatively large compared -to the diameter of the spindle and its bearing` 3. A shoulder" i2 is therefore formed in the 15 tbody Vat the base of said bearing. The iiange is f positioned on the spindle lso that .whenv the head 5 and the body section I areln contact as shown in Figure ,1, the iiange is some distance below Vsaid shoulder, the-latter ofcourse limitingthe 20k upward vmovement of the spindle from such position. I

Disposedabout the spindle and extending downwardly from immediately under the flange I0 vis an v fexpansible tube I3 preferablyy of thick rubber so 25 that it may withstand considerable pressure, the end portionsonly of said` tube closely engaging y the spindle as shown in Figure 2. `Ports 9a are out at intervals throughvthe spindler to communicate with the passage 9so that the liquid flow- 30 ing therethrough may be directed against the inner surface ofthe tube. p

Y The tube is closely surrounded by a sleeve i4 of resilientl metalnormallyv havingV a running fit l in the body. Said sleeve is split longitudinally 35Y at various lcircumferentiallyA spaced points as shown at I5 to enable said sleeve to deiiect outvwardlyby an internal pressure in the tube. The

tube .and sleeve are held against longitudinal movement'by and between the iiange l0 andra 4.0V flange-like nut I6 on the lower end of the spindle. The lower end of the body V section 2 'is closed and projecting upwardly from the bottom ofy the same into the main hollow area thereof is a rigid pipe ll'. This pipe terminates below the-bottom 45` of the spindle and is formed on its upper end with a seat 'for a ball valve I8. The pipe is freely open jto the bottomv of the section 2 which is provided with theusual tapering threaded portion I9 for connection to the shank or head 20 of any stand- '50 ard form of spear or sh, said shank having thev `customary vertical passagetherethrough so that y free communication with the adjacent end of the pipe is had.

Securedon and deper'idingY into the secrstionzk 5o o Y Afrom the lower end of the spindle is a sleeve 2|,

surrounding the pipe and ball in spaced relation. At its lower end this sleeve is provided with a packing ring 22 slidably engaging the pipe with a liquid-tight fit. Projecting inwardly from the sleeve 2l are radially disposed pins 23. These pins are positioned so that when the head 5 is engaged with the body I, they are some distance below the seated ball as shown in Figure l'. The transverse distance' between the inner ends of the pins is greater than the diameter of the pipe so as to clear the same, but is less than the diametery ofthe ball. the necessary distance the pins engage and raise the ball off its seat as shown in Figure. 3f.

` In operation the jar with the spear attached thereto is lowered to engage the stuck tool, and after this is eiected the head 5- is, their disposed Y in its lowermost position relative to the body of the jar. Hydraulic pressure is then supplied to the vertical passage 9 and since the only outlet for y the' liquid. (the pipe f5) is Closed by the ball',- the pressure will accumulate: and expand' the tube i 3. This causes the metal sleeve to simliarly expand and'` grip the internal wall ofthe body; 'I 'his pressure is suiliciently great to resist considerable upwardY pull, but since the grip is frictional only yit will sooner or later yield due to the excessive resistance offered by a tightly stuck drill', and' the impact unit will thusbegin to slip upwardly in the body as the pull is continued. After a certain amount of such slip has. taken place the pins 23 engage the' ballA I8' raising the same from its seat. 4'l'he confined' liquid' is then suddenly released, since it is free to now down into the well through the pipe IB. Asa result the impact unit rises suddenly to its topmost position, the flange I0 engaging the shoulder `l2 with ar heavy impact or jar.

Since the body'of'the tool is connected to the spear, thisI jar isV transmitted tothe samev and to the stuck tool engaged thereby with the desired loosening' action'. If'one 'such operation isinsufcient to effect this result, the spindle. isagain lowered soasto reseat` the ball, the hydraulicpressure is reapplied to expand the tubev and. another jarring action i's then effected.l Such operations. may

vbe carried out as many times as; necessary andin rapid sequence, since each recharging with the liquid. consumes but little. of the same and there is a very small space to ll before the pressure' is effective..

From the foregoing description it will be readily seen that I have produced such. a device as substantially fulfills the objects of the invention as set forth herein.

this specication sets forth in detail the Ypresent and, preferred construction oi the device,

still in practice such deviations from such. detail may be resorted to asy do not form a departure from the spirit of the invention, as deiined by the appended claims.

Having thusV described my invention what I claim as new andv useful and desire to secure by ,Letters Patent is: ,65

1. A jar comprising a body adapted at its lower end for connection to a spear or like tool, a spindle slidable in and projecting from the upper end of the body for connection to a suspending means,

spmdle. Within the body adapted when expanded toY frictionally grip the inner wall of the body,

hydraulicpressure means to thus expand said Therefore when the sleeve is raised.

member, and means within the body and functioning automatically after the spindle has moved upwardly a predetermined distance from said lowered position to suddenly relieve the hydraulic pressure.

2. A jar comprising a body adapted at its lower end for connection to a spear or like tool, a spindle slidable in and projecting from the upper end of the body for connection to a suspending means, means between the spindle and body positively limiting the upward movement of the spindle from a predetermined lowered position in the body, an expansible member mounted on the spindle within the body adapted when expanded to frictionally` gripthe inner wall of the body, hydraulic' pressure means to thus expand said member, a liquid chamber in the body in free communication. with the interior of the member whereby said chamber will ll with the liquid supplied to the member, an outlet from said chamber to the exterior of the body, a valve normally closing the outlet, and means functioning with the upward movement of the body a predetermined distance from said lowered position to open the valve.

3. A jar comprising a body adapted at its lower end for connection to a spear or like tool, a spindle slidable in and projecting from the upper end of the body for connection to a suspending means, means between the spindle and' body positively limiting the upward movement of the spindle from a predetermined lowered position in the body, an

sure means to thus. expand said member, a liquid chamber in the body in free communication with the interior of the member whereby said chamber will ll with the liquid supplied to the member, an outlet from saidv chamber to the exterior of the body, said' outlet being below said member and its inner end' facing upwardly, a valve4 element movably seated' on said end of the outlet, and means supported by and depending from the spindle to engage and lift said element from its seat with the upward movement of the spindle a predetermined distance from said lowered position.

4. A jar comprising a body adapted at its lower end forconnection to a spear or like tool, a spindle slidable and projecting from the upper end of the body for connection to a suspending means,

means between the spindle and body positively limiting the upward movement of the spindle from a predetermined lowered position in the body, an expansible member mounted on the spindle within the body adapted when expanded to frictionally grip the inner wall of the body, hydraulic pressure means to thus expand said member, a liquid chamber in the body below the member and spindle in free communication with the interior of said member whereby the chamber will iill with the liquid supplied to the member, a vertical outlet pipe centralized in said chamber and providing a passage to the exterior of the body below the chamber, an upwardly movable valve larger than the pipe normally seated on the open upper end of the same, a sleeve mounted on and depending from the spindle about and in spaced relation to the pipe and valve, and elements projecting inwardly from said sleeve below the valve to engage and raise the same off its seat when the sleeve and spindle have been raised a predetermined distance from said lowered position.

5. A jar comprising a body adapted at its lower end for connection to a spear or like tool, a spindle slidable in and projectingfrom the upper end of the body for connection to a suspending means, said spindle having an axial passage therethrough adapted at its upper end for connection to a source of hydraulic pressure, means between the spindle and body to positively limit the upward movement of the spindle from a predetermined lowered position in the body, an enclosed chamber in the body about the spindle and with which the lower end of the spindle passage freely communicates, an expansible pressure-tight tube about the spindle and at its ends having pressure tight connection therewith, the spindlehaving a side port intermediate the ends of the tube providing communication. with the spindle passage, a resilient expansible sleeve about the tube adapted, when said tube is expanded, to fric-'- tionally grip the Wall of the chamber, means holding said tube and sleeve against movement along the spindle, a liquid outlet from the chamber, means normally closing the outlet, and means functioning with the upward movement of the spindle, from its lowered position to open said outlet closing means.

SHANNON A. ERWIN.

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